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put in shoes definition of put in shoes in the Free Online Encyclopedia
shoe, foot covering, usually of leather, consisting of a sole and a portion above the sole called an upper. In prehistoric times skins or hides may have been tied around the foot for protection and warmth; studies of the foot bones of ancient humans suggest that some form of sturdy footwear was worn by human beings beginning between 40,000 and 26,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych],000 years ago. The shoes found with the 5,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych],300-year-old "Ice Man" in the Tyrolean Alps were made of skins and braided-bark netting and stuffed with straw and moss; an even older,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], leather shoe, some 5,500 years old, was found in 2008 in an Armenian cave. An early form of the boot was also known in Greece and Rome. The characteristic shoe of the Middle Ages was the soft, clinging moccasin, which extended to the ankle. It was highly decorated and was of velvet, cloth of gold, and, increasingly, of leather. By the 13th cent. the toe had become greatly elongated until a century later the point had to be held aloft by a chain attached to the knee. After 1377 wooden clogs, called poulaines or pattens, were introduced. A forerunner of the heeled shoe, they were fastened under the shoe (if not a part of the shoe itself) to protect it from mud or water. The chopine, an ornamental shoe with a very high sole, went to fantastic heights. After 1500, styles reversed themselves, and the width of the toe was exaggerated; two colors and slashing were often employed to complement the costume. The high heel came into fashion with Elizabeth's reign in the late 16th cent. and was worn by both men and women; the shoe was colorfully decorated with rosettes, lace, and embroidery. France introduced (c.1600) the high-top boot which developed into the cavalier's boot with its wide,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], floppy top. The late 17th cent. saw the emergence of the square toe, high tongue, and buckles. Heels were lowered,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], becoming the French curved heel, until they disappeared (c.1780). With the new Empire styles, flat soft shoes with ribbon ties became the style for women, and military boots became the vogue for men. Guilds of shoemakers or cobelers existed in the Middle Ages; in the American colonies, the earliest known shoemaker was Thomas Beard, who arrived in Salem, Mass., in 1629. Early shoemakers worked at home, in small shops,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], or as itinerant workers who went to homes to make up the annual supply. Hand processes were used until c.1833; thereafter the rapid invention and development of machinery revolutionized the industry; today over 180 different kinds of machines are employed. As machinery became more specialized and the use of leather became primary, shoe styles and measurements became more refined and exact. From the high button shoe of the late 19th cent. Early examples from Mesopotamia were moccasinlike wraparounds of leather; not until the Hellenistic Age did shoes become luxurious. The Romans developed shoes fitted for the left and right feet, and differentiated according to sex and rank. In the 14th century,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], shoes became extremely long and pointed, the points attaining a length of 18 in. (45 cm) or more. In the 16th century,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], the toes became extremely broad, like a duck's bill. In the 17th century, shoes had moderately high heels and were often decorated with large rosettes of lace and ribbons,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], which gave way to gold or silver buckles in the 18th century. The first shoe factory opened in 1760, in Massachusetts, but not until the development of modern machinery in the 19th century were shoes made quickly and inexpensively.
shoe1. a band of metal or wood on the bottom of the runner of a sledge
A coupling of rolled, cast, or forged steel to protect the lower end of the casting or drivepipe in overburden,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], or the bottom end of a sampler when pressed into a formation being sampled.
subrail, shoe
On a staircase, a member which is fixed to the upper edge of a close string to receive the balusters.1. A piece of timber, stone, or metal, shaped to receive the lower end of any member; also called a soleplate.
2. A metal base plate for an arch or truss which resists lateral thrust.
3. A base shoe molding.
4. A subrail.
5. A metal protective device for the point or foot of a pile, 1.
Shoe a device for protecting the hoof of a draft animal ox, donkey, or mule; it may also be used for corrective purposes. Initially, stockings or shoes woven from reeds, bast, straw, or cord were used to protect hooves. They were later replaced by hooked iron plates. All these were fastened to the animal lower leg by straps or cords. This is attested to by numerous finds in late Roman military camps. Shoes virtually have not changed since Roman times. Mass-produced or handmade from soft steel, they may be smooth or have permanent or removable lugs. The shape of the shoe conforms to the contour of the hoof. For corrective purposes, a round shoe, a shoe with a metal bottom, or a shoe with long lugs is most often used.
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